Foreward
Preface and Acknowledgements

1. Introductions
1.1 What is a Fuel Cell?
1.2 A Very Brief History of Fuel Cells
1.3 Types of Fuel Cells
1.4 How does a PEM Fuel Cell Work
1.5 Why do we Need Fuel Cells
1.6 Fuel Cell Applications
2. Fuel Cell Basic Chemistry and Thermodynamics
2.1 Basic Reactions
2.2 Heat of Reaction
2.3 Higher and Lower Heating Value of Hydrogen
2.4 Theoretical Electrical Work
2.5 Theoretical Fuel Cell Potential
2.6 Effect of Temperature
2.7 Theoretical Fuel Cell Efficiency
2.8 Carnot Efficiency Myth
2.9 Effect of Pressure
2.10 Summary
3. Fuel Cell Electrochemistry
3.1 Electrode Kinetics
3.2 Voltage Losses
3.3 Cell Potential – Polarization Curve
3.4 Distribution of Potential Across a Fuel Cell
3.5 Sensitivity of Parameters in Polarization Curve
3.6 Fuel Cell Efficiency
3.7 Implications and Use of Fuel Cell Polarization Curve
4. Main Cell Components, Materials Properties and Processes
4.1 Cell Description
4.2 Membrane
4.3 Electrode
4.4 Gas Diffusion Layer
4.5 Bipolar Plates
5. Fuel Cell Operating Conditions
5.1 Operating Pressure
5.2 Operating Temperature
5.3 Reactants Flow Rates
5.4 Reactants Humidity
5.5 Fuel Cell Mass Balance
5.6 Fuel Cell Energy Balance
6. Stack Design
6.1 Sizing of a Fuel Cell Strack
6.2 Stack Configuration
6.3 Uniform Distribution of Reactants to Each Cell
6.4 Uniform Distribution of Reactants Inside Each Cell
6.5 Heat Removal from a Fuel Cell Stack
6.6 Stack Clamping
7. Fuel Cell Modeling
7.1 Theory and Governing Equations
7.2 Modeling Domains
7.3 Modeling Examples
7.4 Conclusions
8. Fuel Cell Diagnostics
8.1 Polarization Curve
8.2 Current Interrupt
8.3 AC Impedance Spectroscopy
8.4 Pressure Drop as a Diagnostic Tool
8.5 Current Density Mapping
8.6 Neutron Imaging
9. Fuel Cell System Design
9.1 Hydrogen-Oxygen Systems
9.2 Hydrogen-Air Systems
9.3 Fuel Cell Systems with Fuel Processor
9.4 Electrical Subsystem
9.5 System Efficiency
10. Fuel Cell Applications
10.1 Transportation Applications
10.2 Stationary Power
10.3 Backup Power
10.4 Fuel Cells for Small Portable Power
10.5 Regenerative Fuel Cells and Their Applications
11. Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Economy
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Transitions in Energy Supply
11.3 History of Hydrogen as Fuel
11.4 Hydrogen Energy System
11.5 Hydrogen Energy Technologies
11.6 Predicting the Future
11.7 Transition to Hydrogen Economy
11.8 Coming Energy Revolution?
11.9 Conclusions
Index