Chemical Fate and Transport in the Environment, Fourth Edition explains the fundamental principles of mass transport, chemical partitioning, and chemical/biological transformations of pollutants and naturally occurring chemicals in surface waters, in the subsurface (which includes soil and groundwater), and in the atmosphere. Each of these three major environmental media is introduced by a descriptive overview, followed by presentations of the governing physical, chemical, and biological processes. The text emphasizes intuitively based mathematical models for chemical equilibria, transformations, and transport in the environment. This book serves as a primary text for graduate and senior undergraduate courses in environmental science and engineering, provides relevant scientific knowledge for students of public health and environmental policy, and is a useful reference for environmental practitioners.
This fourth edition builds on the third edition, which won a 2015 Textbook Excellence Award (Texty) from The Text and Academic Authors Association. This updated textbook expands the discussion of global climate change, presents concepts of stationarity and sustainability, provides additional coverage of wastewater treatment and air pollution abatement technologies, and includes information on additional anthropogenic pollutants such as plastics, PFAS, and nanoparticles. Tables, figures, and references are updated, and worked examples and practice exercises are included for each chapter.
Key Features
- Illustrates the interconnections, similarities, and contrasts among three major environmental media: surface waters, the subsurface (which includes soil and groundwater), and the atmosphere
- Discusses and builds upon fundamental concepts, teaching students to realistically address environmental problems and preparing students for more advanced studies
- Each chapter includes many worked examples and extensive practice exercises; a solutions manual is available for instructors
Chapter 1: Basic Concepts
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Chemical Concentration
1.3 Mass Balance and Units
1.4 Physical Transport of Chemicals
1.5 Mass Balance in an Infinitely Small Control Volume: The Advection-Dispersion-Reaction Equation
1.6 Basic Environmental Chemistry
1.7 Chemical Distribution Among Phases at Equilibrium
1.8 Analytical Chemistry and Measurement Error
1.9 Significance of Fate and Transport Knowledge
1.10 Conclusion
Exercises
References
Chapter 2: Surface Waters
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Physical Transport in Surface Waters
2.3 Air-Water Exchange
2.4 Chemical and Biological Characteristics of Surface Waters
2.5 Dissolved Oxygen Modeling in Surface Waters
2.6 Biotransformation and Biodegradation
2.7 Abiotic Chemical Transformations
2.8 Conclusion
Exercises
References
Chapter 3: The Subsurface Environment
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Physics of Groundwater Movement
3.3 Flow in the Unsaturated (Vadose) Zone
3.4 Nonaqueous Phase Liquids
3.5 Retardation
3.6 Biodegradation in the Subsurface Environment
3.7 Subsurface Remediation
3.8 Conclusion
Exercises
References
Chapter 4: The Atmosphere
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Atmospheric Stability
4.3 Circulation of the Atmosphere
4.4 Transport of Chemicals in the Atmosphere
4.5 Physical Removal of Chemicals from the Atmosphere
4.6 Atmospheric Chemical Reactions
4.7 Air Pollution Control
4.8 Greenhouse Gases, Global Climate Change, and the Habitability of Earth
4.9 Conclusion
Exercises
References
Appendix A Dimensions and Units for Environmental Quantities
Appendix B Models for Chemical Equilibrium, Surface Waters, Groundwater, the Atmosphere, and Global Climate
Senior undergraduate and first year graduate students in environmental sciences, environmental engineering, public health, and environmental policy programs, as well as environmental practitioners.
