Preface
Acknowledgments
About the author
Dedication
Glossary
List of Symbols
Part 1: Introduction to Open Channel Flows
Introduction: Introduction to Open Channel Flows
Chapter 1: Introduction
Summary
1.1 Presentation
1.2 Fluid properties
1.3 Fluid statics
1.4 Open channel flows
1.5 Exercises
Chapter 2: Fundamentals of open channel flows
Summary
2.1 Presentation
2.2 Fundamental principles
2.3 Open channel hydraulics of short, frictionless transitions
2.4 The hydraulic jump
2.5 Open channel flow in long channels
2.6 Summary
2.7 Exercises
Part 2: Turbulent Mixing and Dispersion in Rivers and Estuaries: An Introduction
Introduction: Turbulent Mixing and Dispersion in Rivers and Estuaries: An Introduction
Chapter 3: Introduction to mixing and dispersion in natural waterways
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Laminar and turbulent flows
3.3 Basic definitions
3.4 Structure of the section
3.5 Appendix A – Application: buoyancy force exerted on a submerged air bubble6
3.6 Appendix B – Freshwater properties
3.7 Exercises
3.8 Exercise solutions
Chapter 4: Turbulent shear flows
Summary
4.1 Presentation
4.2 Jets and wakes
4.3 Boundary layer flows
4.4 Fully developed open channel flows
4.5 Mixing in turbulent shear flows
4.6 Exercises
4.7 Exercise solutions
Chapter 5: Diffusion: basic theory
Summary
5.1 Basic equations
5.2 Applications
5.4 Exercises
5.5 Exercise solutions
Chapter 6: Advective diffusion
Summary
6.1 Basic equations
6.2 Basic applications
6.3 Two- and three-dimensional applications
6.4 Exercises
6.5 Exercise solutions
Chapter 7: Turbulent dispersion and mixing: 1. Vertical and transverse mixing
Summary
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Flow resistance in open channel flows
7.3 Vertical and transverse (lateral) mixing in turbulent river flows
7.4 Turbulent mixing applications
7.5 Discussion
7.6 Appendix A – Friction factor calculations
7.7 Appendix B – Random walk model
7.8 Appendix C – Turbulent mixing in hydraulic jumps and bores
7.9 Exercises
7.10 Exercise solutions
Chapter 8: Turbulent dispersion and mixing: 2. Longitudinal dispersion
Summary
8.1 Introduction
8.2 One-dimensional turbulent dispersion
8.3 Longitudinal dispersion in natural streams
8.4 Approximate models for longitudinal dispersion
8.5 Design applications
8.6 Exercises
8.7 Exercise solutions
Chapter 9: Turbulent dispersion in natural systems
Summary
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Longitudinal dispersion in natural rivers with dead zones
9.3 Dispersion and transport of reactive contaminants
9.4 Transport with reaction
9.5 Appendix A – Air-water mass transfer in air–water flows
9.6 Appendix B – Solubility of nitrogen, oxygen and argon in water
9.7 Appendix C – Molecular diffusion coefficients in water (after Chanson 1997a)
9.8 Exercises
9.9 Exercise solutions
Chapter 10: Mixing in estuaries
Summary
10.1 Presentation
10.2 Basic mechanisms
10.3 Applications
10.4 Turbulent mixing and dispersion coefficients in estuaries
10.5 Applications
10.6 Appendix A – Observations of mixing and dispersion coefficients in estuarine zones
10.7 Exercises
10.8 Exercise solutions
Revision exercises
Part 3: Introduction to Unsteady Open Channel Flows
Introduction: Introduction to Unsteady Open Channel Flows
Chapter 11: Unsteady open channel flows: 1. Basic equations
Summary
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Basic equations
11.3 Method of characteristics
11.4. Discussion
11.5 Exercises
11.6 Exercise solutions
Chapter 12: Unsteady open channel flows: 2. Applications
Summary
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Propagation of waves
12.3 The simple wave problem
12.4 Positive and negative surges
12.5 The kinematic wave problem
12.6 The diffusion wave problem
12.7 Appendix A – Gaussian error functions
12.8 Exercises
12.9 Exercise solutions
Chapter 13: Unsteady open channel flows: 3. Application to dam break wave
Summary
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Dam break wave in a horizontal channel
13.3 Effects of flow resistance
13.4 Embankment dam failures
13.5 Related flow situations
13.6 Exercises
13.7 Exercise solutions
Chapter 14: Numerical modelling of unsteady open channel flows
Summary
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Explicit finite difference methods
14.3 Implicit finite difference methods
14.4 Exercises
Revision exercises
Summary
Part 4: Interactions between Flowing Water and its Surroundings
Introduction: Interactions between Flowing Water and its Surroundings
Chapter 15: Interactions between flowing water and its surroundings: introduction
15.1 Presentation
15.2 Terminology
15.3 Structure of this section
Chapter 16: Interaction between flowing water and solid boundaries: sediment processes
Summary
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Physical properties of sediments
16.3. Threshold of sediment bed motion
16.4 Sediment transport
16.5 Total sediment transport rate
16.6 Exercises
Chapter 17: Interaction between flowing water and free surfaces: self-aeration and air entrainment
Summary
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Free-surface aeration in turbulent flows: basic mechanisms
17.3 Dimensional analysis and similitude
17.4 Basic metrology in air–water flow studies
17.5 Applications
17.6 Appendix A – Air bubble diffusion in plunging jet flows (after Chanson 1997a)
17.7 Appendix B – Air bubble diffusion in self-aerated supercritical flows
17.8 Appendix C – Air bubble diffusion in high-velocity water jets
17.9 Exercises
Appendix A: Constants and fluid properties
Appendix B: Unit conversions
References
Abbreviations of journals and institutions
Common bibliographical abbreviations
Index
