Medical Imaging - Edition 1 - By Adam W. Anderson, Charles F. Caskey, John C. Gore and Todd E. Peterson Elsevier Inspection Copies

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Medical Imaging,

Edition 1 Mathematical and Physical Principles

By Adam W. Anderson, Charles F. Caskey, John C. Gore and Todd E. Peterson

Publication Date: 01 Sep 2099

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Medical Imaging: Mathematical and Physical Principles gives an introduction to the mathematical and physical concepts and principles that underlie modern radiological imaging techniques. It explains the basic phenomena and mathematical concepts that are central to the use of physical methods for image formation in biomedicine. By focusing on the physical and mathematical principles, it provides knowledge that will continue to hold true even as technological and other advances change the nature and detail of future medical imaging applications.Written as a pedagogic textbook explaining the principles rather than a technical manual describing imaging methods, Medical Imaging: Mathematical and Physical Principles is very suitable as a foundational reference for senior undergraduates, graduate students and researchers with a background in either biomedical engineering, engineering, applied physics, computer science, and mathematics. It will be a well-thumbed resource throughout a researcher’s career.

Key Features

Written by a top team of highly respected researchers who between them have taught medical imaging for over a hundred years!
Focuses on the physical and mathematical principles to provide everlasting foundational knowledge
Balanced coverage between the modalities reflecting the authors’ areas of expertise
Provides a motivational historical overview of the field
Closely ties the physical principles to biology
Includes instructors support such as solutions and slides of the figures
Provides computational exercises

About the author

By Adam W. Anderson, Professor of Biomedical Engineering and Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, USA; Charles F. Caskey, Associate Professor of Radiology and Radiological Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, USA; John C. Gore, University Professor of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Biomedical Engineering, Physics and Astronomy, and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, USA and Todd E. Peterson, Associate Professor of Radiology & Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, USA

1 Introduction to medical imagingOverview of medical imaging: historical developmentTypes of information in imagingExamples of relationships between physical and biological changesOverview of energy forms used for imaging: X-ray, CT, ultrasound, MRI, nuclear , otherimaging.Problems2 Mathematics for imagingThe Fourier Transform: introduction : inverse Fourier Transforms: symmetry properties:examples of useful transforms: theorems concerning Fourier Transforms; two dimensionaltransforms; relations to other integral transforms: the discrete Fourier TransformSampling: band limited functions; the sampling theorem; aliasing and the Nyquist rateLinear systems: introduction; transfer functions; point spread function; modulation transferfunctionRandom variables: introduction; examples - Poisson statistics: random fieldsProblemsAppendix: Bessel functions : integral representations; recursion relations; relation toBessels equation; simple integrals of Bessel functions3 Image qualityWhat is image quality?Physical measures of quality - resolution, contrast, noiseEffects of Point Spread Function and Modulation Transfer Function on image qualityFigures of merit of image qualitySignal Detection Theory model of imagingROC analysisElementary digital image processingSummary of factors affecting image qualityHuman visual psychophysics + image perceptionProblems4 Reconstruction of objects from projectionsFormation of projectionsReconstruction from projectionsCentral Slice TheoremConventional tomographyBackprojectionFiltered back projection: the Radon Transform: band limited objects: discrete filters: physicalinterpretation, summaryLimitations in reconstruction from projections: incomplete data, statistical limitations andpropagation of noise, effects of finite number of projections, artifactsRadial projections and reconstructionsAlgebraic and model based reconstructionsProblems5 X-radiographic imaging; image formationOverview of X-ray imaging: radiography, fluoroscopy, CT, digital radiographyProduction and characteristics of X-raysX-radiographic imaging : physical properties relevant for imagingX-ray interactions with tissues: classical scattering, photoelectric effect, Compton effectOrigins of contrast in X-ray imaging; relation to tissue compositionEffects of scatter; spectral effectsX-ray contrast materialsImage formation in radiography : transfer functions for projection imaging, magnification, effectof focal spot, motion blurringImage recording: PSF of films and screens; detector quantum efficiency and noise in X-rayimages; model of array of photon counters, derivation of characteristic curve and effects;propagation of signal and noise in and image quality in digital radiography.Problems6 Nuclear imaging: image formationOverview of nuclear medicine: radioactivity, radioisotopes, radiopharmaceuticals, detectorsImage formation in projection imaging; effects of collimators, countrateDesign of camerasImage formation in SPECT and PET; effects of attenuation, scatterReconstruction theorySensitivity and resolution considerations in nuclear imagingProblems7 Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging: image formationOverviewEquilibrium and dynamics of spin systemsImage formationEffects of relaxationClasses of pulse sequencesSignal and noise ratio in MR imagingProblems8 Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging: design of systemsThe Bo magnetBo shimsGradient coilsThe radiofrequency coilThe nmr receiver and signal processingProblems9 Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging: physical properties relevant for imaging[1] RelaxationClassical description of relaxation in solutionsRelaxation by dipole-dipole interactionsRelaxation mechanisms in biological tissuesAnderson -Weiss theoryMRI contrast agents: paramagnetic relaxation effects, susceptibility effectsChemical shift and J-coupling effectsProblemsAppendix: Simple quantum theory of spin 1/2 nucleiStates of a system of spinsTransitions between statesQuantum form of the Bloch equationsQuantum description of a spin echoQuantum description of relaxation10 Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging: physical properties relevant for imaging [2] motionand flowEffects of gradients, phase dispersion, q spaceEffects of incoherent motion; diffusion, IVIM, turbulent flowSpin tagging and tissue deformationTime of flight effects, ASL, perfusionPhase contrast effectsProblems11 Ultrasound imaging: image formationIntroductionOverview of ultrasonic imagingPhysics of sound waves and vibrationsImage formation with ultrasound: transducers as sound radiators; sound fields from transducers;equivalent circuits of transducers; the impulse responses of a transducerSound propagation in uniform layers of tissue: homogeneous wave equation, reflection,refraction, behavior of pulses at smooth interfacesDesign of ultrasonic pulse echo imaging systems; limits on resolutionImage artifactsProblems12 Ultrasound imaging: physical properties relevant for imagingCharacteristic Impedance, sound velocity, elastic properties of tissuesInhomogeneous wave equationScattering of sound pulses: continuum description of backscattering; scattering fromdiscrete scatterers, approaches to tissue characterizationAbsorption: factors affecting absorption; wave equation with absorptionNon-linear waves; cavitationDoppler effect: scattering from blood, signal processing and physics of flow measurementsProblems14 Physiological function from imagingCompartmental modeling and simple tracer kineticsMeasurement of blood flow and organ function using imaging:[i] assessment of brain function[ii] assessment of cardiac functionProblem

ISBN: 9780323916233

Page Count: 576

Retail Price : £91.95

9780123964878

Biomedical engineering, engineering, computer science and math students at the senior undergraduate and postgraduate levels and researchers wanting to learn the underlying mathematical and physical principles of medical imaging

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